How to Deduct Points on a Real Estate Loan

A point on a mortgage loan is one percentagerefinancing of a taxpayer's mortgage loan. The
point of the loan. For example, two points on ataxpayer may not deduct the points immediately.
$200,000 mortgage loan would be $4,000The taxpayer must amortize the points over the
($200,000 x 2%). Points represent prepaidlife of the loan. If the taxpayer pays the loan off
interest.A taxpayer who uses the cash methodearly, the taxpayer may deduct the unamortized
of accounting may deduct points paid on a loan topoints in the year paid.However, for taxpayers
buy or improve a principal residence as long aswho live under the jurisdiction of the U. S. Court
the points are a normal business practice in theof Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, if the taxpayer
area, are reasonable in amount, and the loan ispays points on a mortgage loan and uses the
secured by the residence (Sections 163(h)(3)(B)proceeds to pay off a short-term bridge loan, the
and 461(g)(2)). Interest, including points, on a loantaxpayer may deduct the points in the year paid
to acquire or improve the taxpayer's residence is(Huntsman v. Commissioner, 90-2 USTC Para.
limited to the interest on the first $1,000,000 of50,340, CA-8, 1990, rev'g 91 TC 917). The U. S.
the mortgage loan.The limit on deductibility ofCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit has
interest on a loan to acquire a residence applies tojurisdiction over taxpayers in the states of
the taxpayer's principal residence and one otherArkansas, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska,
residence (Section 163(h)(4)(A). However, aNorth Dakota, and South Dakota.If a taxpayer
taxpayer may deduct points paid in the year paidpays points on a mortgage loan to acquire
only in connection with a mortgage loan on theundeveloped land, a commercial building, or rental
taxpayer's primary residence (Section 461(g)(2)).real estate, the taxpayer must amortize the
If a taxpayer pays points on a mortgage loan topoints over the life of the loan. If the taxpayer
purchase a second home, the taxpayer mustpays the loan off early, including a sale of the
amortize the points over the life of the loan.Aproperty, the taxpayer may deduct the
taxpayer claims the deduction on Schedule A ofunamortized points in the year paid.Taxpayers
Form 1040. A buyer may deduct the points evenshould remember to deduct points paid in
if the seller pays them (Rev. Proc. 94-27, 1994-1connection with a mortgage loan to purchase or
CB 613). A taxpayer who uses the accrual basisimprove their principal residence, whether the
of accounting must amortize the points over thepurchaser or seller pays the points. For points paid
life of the loan.If a taxpayer pays points on ain connection with a refinancing of a mortgage, to
home equity loan, the taxpayer may not deductobtain a home equity loan, or to obtain a
the points immediately unless the taxpayer usesmortgage loan on rental or commercial property,
the proceeds of the home equity loan to improvetaxpayers should remember to deduct the points
the property. If the taxpayer does not use theover the life of the loan and deduct the
proceeds of a home equity loan to improve theunamortized points in the year the taxpayer pays
property, the taxpayer must amortize the pointsthe loan.Alan D. Campbell is a CPA in Arkansas
over the life of the loan (Sections 163(h)(3)(C)and Florida and is self-employed primarily as an
and 461(g)(1)).The deduction of interest, includingauthor of tax publications. He earned a Ph.D. in
points, on a home equity loan is limited to theaccounting with an emphasis in taxation from the
interest on a home equity loan up to $100,000University of North Texas. He is also admitted to
unless the taxpayer uses the home equity loanpractice before the United States Tax Court. He
for business purposes. If the taxpayer pays thehas published numerous articles on tax topics in
loan off early, the taxpayer may deduct theprofessional journals. He is the co-author of the
unamortized points in the year paid (Temp. Regs.book Tax Strategies for the Self-Employed and
Sec. 1.163-10T(j)(3)).The same rule that applies tothe revision editor of CCH Financial and Estate
a home equity loan also generally applies to aPlanning Guide, 15th edition.