Is it Food Intolerance or Allergy?

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/* Style Definitions */table.MsoNormalTableThe additives that add color, pre­serves and
{mso-style-name:"Tableenhance the flavor of food are another common
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;font-family:"Times Newthe flavor enhancer MSG which can cause
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Eating is one of the many enjoyable humansensation in some susceptible individuals -- a
expe­riences. Most of us relish the taste ofcondition known as the Chinese Restaurant
certain foods and this pleasur­able eventSyndrome.
becomes even more unforgettable in the"Some people have mild in­tolerance to
company of friends or loved ones.vegetables - especially peas and broccoli, which
In the course of eating, how­ever, somecause in­testinal gas. Others experience
people develop un­pleasant symptomsindi­gestion and diarrhea when they
depending on the kind of food they eat. Thesecon­sume mushrooms and certain wines,"
people are not really abnormal; rather they areDavis added.
experiencing a certain degree of food sensitivityIn food allergy, the susceptible person's immune
which a few individuals have. This condition issystem reacts dif­ferently to an otherwise
commonly referred to as food intolerance or foodharmless food by producing antibodies. These
allergy.antibodies attack the food as if it were a deadly
Few people understand the true nature of foodmicrobe and are re­sponsible for the release
allergies mainly because the facts have beenof histamine and other chemicals into the body
distorted by popular "health" books that blamewhich produce the all too familiar signs of allergy.
cer­tain foods for a host of ills. Sugar, for"A true food allergy produces a set of specific
instance, is mistakenly blamed for heart disease,allergic symptoms, and this relationship can be
ulcers, diabetes and hypoglycemia when, in fact,repeatedly demonstrated. Classic symptoms are
natural foods with high concentrations of sugarabdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting,
are among the most nutritious.cramps, hives, eczema, swelling of the eyes, lips,
An­other scapegoat is monosodiumface and tongue, and occasionally, hay fever-like
glutamate (MSG) which critics wrongly accuse ofreactions. Foods most often in­criminated
pro­ducing depression, behavioral problems,include milk, eggs, nuts, fish or shellfish, chocolate,
loss of bladder control and Alzheimer's disease. Inwheat, corn, berries, peas, beans and gum arable,
real­ity, intolerance to MSG happens in verya thickener used in processed foods," explained
few people and is more likely to occur if thisDavis.
flavor enhancer is mixed with soup. How then doThe problem of food allergy, however, is not as
we distinguish a real food allergy or intolerance?widespread as some food faddists and quacks
"Food intolerance and food allergy are oftenwant us to believe. Many people mistak­enly
confused but are quite distinct: those withassume that they are allergic to something when
intoler­ance lack certain enzymes needed forthey are not. This limits their food choices and
digestion, while those with allergy have anspells bad nutrition.
antibody re­sponse," according to Dr. William"Fewer than 2 percent of us are allergic to foods
J. Davis in "The Columbia University College of- most often to peanuts or to shrimp or crab.
Physicians and Surgeons Complete Home MedicalThat small percentage includes everyone allergic
Guide."to eggs, milk, fish, nuts, peas and beans, clams
One special example of food in­tolerance isand oysters. Allergies to edibles of any other kind
lactose intolerance, a problem which affects aboutare rare. But that hasn't stopped millions of us
65 mil­lion Americans and most peoples offrom swearing something's wrong after we eat,"
the world, especially Asians, Africans andsaid Mary Roach, contributing editor of In Health
Polynesians. This disorder is characterized by themagazine in her article, "The Allergist's Best Shot."
absence of an intestinal enzyme called lactaseThere is no way to prevent food allergies except
which is needed to digest lactose, one of theto avoid the foods you are allergic to. If you
sugars in milk.haven't identified the source of your problem,
Those who lack this enzyme suffer fromquick relief from the uncomfortable symptoms of
abdominal cramps, gas and diarrhea wheneverallergy can be obtained by taking over-the-counter
they take milk or milk products. Strictly speaking,antihistamines.